Advancing operational global aerosol forecasting with machine learning
Ke Gui, Xutao Zhang, Huizheng Che, Lei Li, Yu Zheng, Linchang An, Yucong Miao, Hujia Zhao, Oleg Dubovik, Brent Holben, Jun Wang, Pawan Gupta, Elena S. Lind, Carlos Toledano, Hong Wang, Zhili Wang, Yaqiang Wang, Xiaomeng Huang, Kan Dai, Xiangao Xia, Xiaofeng Xu, Xiaoye Zhang
A glucocorticoidâFAS axis controls immune evasion during metastatic seeding
Monica Cassandras, Xavier Sanchez, Lauren Hsu, Yu Huang, Adam J. Getzler, Debolina Ganguly, Pilar Baldominos, Ia Codinachs, Jeffrey Chuong, Elizabeth E. Martin, Blake E. Smith, Eleonora Marina, Milos Spasic, Xingping Qin, Heather A. Parsons, Erica L. Mayer, Kristopher A. Sarosiek, Stephanie K. Dougan, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Sandra S. McAllister, Ya-Chieh Hsu, Judith Agudo
Mechanism of co-transcriptional cap snatching by influenza polymerase
Alexander Helmut Rotsch, Delong Li, Maud Dupont, Tim Krischuns, Ute Neef, Christiane OberthĂŒr, Alice Stelfox, Maria Lukarska, Isaac Fianu, Michael Lidschreiber, Nadia Naffakh, Christian Dienemann, Stephen Cusack, Patrick Cramer
Homologous recombination deficiency and hemizygosity drive resistance in breast cancer
Anton Safonov, Minna Lee, David N. Brown, Luca Boscolo Bielo, Miika Mehine, Chaitanya Bandlamudi, Ben OâLeary, Hong Shao, Laia Vicente, Daniel Muldoon, Allen Zhu, Susana Ros, Antonio Marra, Pier Selenica, Ivan Bieche, Bradley Wubbenhorst, Emanuela Ferraro, Laura Courtois, Rania El Botty, Mehnaj Ahmed, Enrico Moiso, Julia Ah-Reum An, Mark T. A. Donoghue, Marie Will, Fresia Pareja, Emily Nizialek, Natalia Lukashchuk, Eleni Sofianopoulou, Yuan Liu, Xin Huang, Colombe Chappey, Anna D. Staniszewska, Dara Ross, Diana Mandelker, Marc Ladanyi, Nikolaus Schultz, Michael F. Berger, Maurizio Scaltriti, Jorge S. Reis-Filho, Bob T. Li, Kenneth Offit, Larry Norton, Ronglai Shen, Kara N. Maxwell, Fergus Couch, Susan M. Domchek, Elisabetta Marangoni, Sohrab Shah, Mark R. Albertella, Violeta Serra, Britta Weigelt, David B. Solit, Katherine L. Nathanson, Mark E. Robson, Nicholas C. Turner, Sarat Chandarlapaty, Pedram Razavi
Editorial Expression of Concern: The gene product Murr1 restricts HIV-1 replication in resting CD4+ lymphocytes
Lakshmanan Ganesh, Ezra Burstein, Anuradha Guha-Niyogi, Mark K. Louder, John R. Mascola, Leo W. J. Klomp, Cisca Wijmenga, Colin S. Duckett, Gary J. Nabel
Merlin: a computed tomography visionâlanguage foundation model and dataset
Louis Blankemeier, Ashwin Kumar, Joseph Paul Cohen, Jiaming Liu, Longchao Liu, Dave Van Veen, Syed Jamal Safdar Gardezi, Hongkun Yu, Magdalini Paschali, Zhihong Chen, Jean-Benoit Delbrouck, Eduardo Reis, Robbie Holland, Cesar Truyts, Christian Bluethgen, Yufu Wu, Long Lian, Malte Engmann Kjeldskov Jensen, Sophie Ostmeier, Maya Varma, Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu, Zhongnan Fang, Zepeng Huo, Zaid Nabulsi, Diego Ardila, Wei-Hung Weng, Edson Amaro Junior, Neera Ahuja, Jason Fries, Nigam H. Shah, Greg Zaharchuk, Marc Willis, Adam Yala, Andrew Johnston, Robert D. Boutin, Andrew Wentland, Curtis P. Langlotz, Jason Hom, Sergios Gatidis, Akshay S. Chaudhari
Florian T. Hoffmann, Tanner Wiegand, Adriana I. Palmieri, Juniper Glass-Klaiber, Renjian Xiao, Stephen Tang, Hoang C. Le, Chance Meers, George D. Lampe, Leifu Chang, Samuel H. Sternberg
G. Skrupskelyte, J. E. Rojo Arias, H. Ajith, Y. Dang, D. Rossetti, S. Han, M. K. S. Tang, M. T. Bejar, B. Colom, J. C. Fowler, K. Murai, W. Knight, D. Aust, M. H. H. Schmidt, J. JĂĄszai, S. Zeki, A. Noorani, P. H. Jones, S. Rulands, B. D. Simons, M. P. Alcolea
BCDX2âCX3 and DX2âCX3 complexes assemble and stabilize RAD51 filaments
Christopher W. Koo, Jiaqi Xiao, Sebastien Coassolo, Jie Liu, Christine Yu, Caleigh Azumaya, Steven K. Gore, Tommy K. Cheung, Bobby Brillantes, Chris M. Rose, Wolf-Dietrich Heyer, Claudio Ciferri, Stanislau Yatskevich
Limited thermal tolerance in tropical insects and its genomic signature
Kim L. Holzmann, Thomas Schmitzer, Antonia Abels, Marko Äorkalo, Oliver Mitesser, Mareike Kortmann, Pedro Alonso-Alonso, Yenny Correa-Carmona, Andrea Pinos, Felipe Yon, Mabel Alvarado, Adrian Forsyth, Alejandro Lopera-Toro, Gunnar Brehm, Alexander Keller, Mark Otieno, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Marcell K. Peters
An unconventional Rubisco small subunit underpins the CO 2 -concentrating organelle in land plants
Tanner A. Robison, Yuwei Mao, Zhen Guo Oh, Warren S. L. Ang, Dan Hong Loh, Yu-Heng Hsieh, Maddie Ceminsky, Nicky Atkinson, Declan Lafferty, Xia Xu, Laura H. Gunn, Alistair J. McCormick, Fay-Wei Li
Ferroelectricity in atomic-scale titanium dioxide dielectric films
Koushik Das, Kate Reidy, Sajid Husain, Jong Ho Park, Harishankar Jayakumar, Vivek Thampy, Christoph Klewe, Ramamoorthy Ramesh, Andrew M. Minor, Archana Raja, Sayeef Salahuddin
Igor RonÄeviÄ, Fabian Paschke, Yueze Gao, Leonard-Alexander Lieske, Lene A. Gödde, Stefano Barison, Samuele Piccinelli, Alberto Baiardi, Ivano Tavernelli, Jascha Repp, Florian Albrecht, Harry L. Anderson, Leo Gross
A unified platform for nucleoside analog synthesis
Matthew J. Anketell, Ethan Fung, Wenbin Liu, Mahesh Shinde, Cyndi Qixin He, Kurtis W. C. Ng, Steven M. Silverman, Louis-Charles Campeau, Ralph Pantophlet, Robert Britton
Targeting amyloid-ÎČ pathology by chimeric antigen receptor astrocyte (CAR-A) therapy
Yun Chen, Yizhou Liu, Khai Nguyen, Junjie Wu, Sihui Song, Kent Lin, Patrick F. Rodrigues, Siling Du, Charles Zhou, Kyle Xiong, Megan Bosch, Peter Bor-Chian Lin, Darya Khantakova, Shitong Wu, May Wu, Carla Yuede, David M. Holtzman, Marco Colonna
Structural modeling reveals phage proteins that manipulate bacterial immune signaling
Nitzan Tal, Romi Hadary, Renee B. Chang, Ilya Osterman, Roy Jacobson, Erez Yirmiya, Nathalie Bechon, Dina Hochhauser, Miguel LĂłpez Rivera, Barak Madhala, Jeremy Garb, Moshe Goldsmith, Tanita Wein, Philip J. Kranzusch, Gil Amitai, Rotem Sorek
Repeated convergent evolution of bradykinin mimics as defensive toxins
Naiqi Shi, Axel Touchard, Vanessa Schendel, Thomas Lund Koch, Hana Starobova, Pancong Niu, Hue Tran, Lotten Ragnarsson, Helena Safavi-Hemami, Irina Vetter, Samuel D. Robinson
Science abstract < 200 char.: Not a research
article
Governing real-world health data as a public utility
Melissa A. Haendel, Ryan Ahern, Kasie B. Bailey, Spyridon Bakas, Daniel C. Barth-Jones, Alex Bohl, Jiang Bian, Philip E. Bourne, Rebecca R. Boyles, Christopher G. Chute, James J. Cimino, Shaun Grannis, Terry S. Hartman, Michelle Holko, Nathan A. Hotaling, Dan J. Housman, Lawrence E. Hunter, Eric Hurwitz, Jasmin Phua, Michael G. Kahn, Dario Kuzmanovic, Josh Lemieux, Johanna Loomba, Charisse R. Madlock-Brown, Kenneth D. Mandl, Raja Mazumder, Julie A. McMurry, Andrew J. McMurry, Zubin J. Modi, Richard A. Moffitt, Abu S. M. Mosa, Nicholas Messina, Shawn T. OâNeil, Josh F. Peterson, Emily R. Pfaff, Jimmy Phuong, Rachel Presskreischer, Lee Sanders, Abeed Sarker, Alastair Thomson, Kim M. Unertl, Anita Walden, Jim Weinstein
Science abstract < 200 char.: Not a research
article
Science stories for young readers Alberto Salas Plays Paka Paka con la Papa , Sara Andrea Fajardo and Juana Martinez-Neal (illustrator) , Roaring Brook Press, 2025, 40 pp.; for ages 4 to 8. Marjoryâs River of Grass: Marjory Stoneman Douglas, Fierce Protector of the Everglades , Josie James , Christy Ottaviano Books, 2025, 40 pp.; for ages 4 to 8. The Little Lobster: A Lobster Tale , W. Thomas Hotz and Estelle Corke (illustrator) , Star Bright Books, 2025, 32 pp.; for ages 4 to 8. Firefly Song: Lynn Frierson Faust and the Great Smoky Mountain Discovery , Colleen Paeff and Ji-Hyuk Kim (illustrator) , Margaret K. McElderry Books, 2025, 40 pp.; for ages 4 to 8. Measuring Up: How Oliver Smoot Became a Standard Unit of Measurement , Jenny Lacika and Anna Bron (illustrator) , MIT Kids Press, 2025, 32 pp.; for ages 5 to 8. Spark: Jim Westâs Electrifying Adventures in Creating the Microphone , Ainissa Ramirez and Setor Fiadzigbey (illustrator) , MIT Kids Press, 2025, 40 pp.; for ages 5 to 9. The Green Maowusu , Xuefei Duan , Clavis Publishing, 2025, 40 pp.; for ages 5+. The Five Sides of Marjorie Rice: How to Discover a Shape , Amy Alznauer and Anna Bron (illustrator), Candlewick , 2025, 48 pp.; for ages 7 to 9. Jellyfish Scientist: Maude Delap and Her Mesmerizing Medusas , Michelle Cusolito and Ellen Rooney (illustrator) , Charlesbridge, 2025, 32 pp.; for ages 7 to 10. The Spider Lady: Nan Songer and Her Arachnid World War II Army , Penny Parker Klostermann and Anne Lambelet (illustrator) , Calkins Creek, 2025, 48 pp.; for ages 7 to 10. Smash, Crash, Topple, Roll! The Inventive Rube GoldbergâA Life in Comics, Contraptions, and Six Simple Machines , Catherine Thimmesh and Shanda McCloskey (illustrator) , Chronicle Books, 2025, 56 pp.; for ages 8 to 12. Our Plastic Problem: A Call for Global Solutions , Megan Durnford, Orca Book Publishers , 2025, 48 pp.; for ages 9 to 12. Oppenheimer and the Atomic Bomb (Young Readers Edition of American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer) , Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin, adapted by Eric S. Singer , G. P. Putnamâs Sons Books for Young Readers, 2025, 336 pp.; for ages 10+. Who Owns the Moon? And Other Conundrums of Exploring and Using Space , Cynthia Levinson and Jennifer Swanson , Margaret Quinlin Books, 2025, 208 pp.; for ages 12+.
Lauren Kmec, Jennie Erin Smith, Valerie Thompson, Michael Funk, Keith T. Smith, Jennifer Sills, Madeleine Seale, Chloe Seale, Alice Seale, Matthew Warren, Kiaan Suri-Warren, Bianca Buehler, Christie Wilcox, Yevgeniya Nusinovich, Isaac Nusinovich Ucko, Marc S. Lavine, Jake Yeston, Audrey Yeston, Adrian Cho, Daniel Clery
Over the last year, the Trump administration has sent one discouraging message after another to young people aspiring to a scientific career in the United States. The corrosive rhetoric that mocks scientific expertise and the proposedâand realizedâcuts to funding are driving students away from scientific careers that may no longer exist by the time they graduate. Making matters even worse, cutbacks in visas awarded to foreign students are eroding the opportunities for young American scientists to work with the most talented people in the world. There is perhaps no stronger evidence of the administrationâs objectives to reduce the quality of the US scientific workforce than its treatment of the National Science Foundationâs flagship Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP).
Democratizing climate change mitigation pathways using modernized stabilization wedges
Mitigating climate change requires broad societal buy-in. Integrated assessment models (IAMs) produce cost-optimal pathways, but these are complex and not easily customized to reflect individualsâ preferences. Twenty years ago, the stabilization wedge framework introduced a simpler way to discuss decarbonization. Here, we modernized this framework, identifying 36 strategies, each with the potential to mitigate 4% of global emissions by 2050, and quantified their required scale of deployment. People can build personalized decarbonization pathways by choosing a portfolio of these strategies, with more than 6 trillion combinations that are able to limit global warming to 1.5°C. We assessed which strategies IAMs favor and found that they prioritize technological over behavioral and nature-based solutions, with limited agreement. This framework empowers a general audience to construct and debate pathways, by making informed choices that reflect objectives beyond cost-optimization.
Nature Human Behaviour
GPT-4o mini: Non-social science research article
Episodic memory encoding fluctuates at a theta rhythm of 3â10 Hz
Thomas M. Biba, Alexandra Decker, Björn Herrmann, Keisuke Fukuda, Chaim N. Katz, Taufik A. Valiante, Katherine Duncan
The effects of political advertising on Facebook and Instagram before the 2020 US election
Hunt Allcott, Matthew Gentzkow, Roâee Levy, Adriana Crespo-Tenorio, Natasha Dumas, Winter Mason, Devra Moehler, Pablo BarberĂĄ, Taylor Brown, Juan Carlos Cisneros, Drew Dimmery, Deen Freelon, Sandra GonzĂĄlez-BailĂłn, Andrew M. Guess, Young Mie Kim, David Lazer, Neil Malhotra, Sameer Nair-Desai, Brendan Nyhan, Ana Carolina Paixao de Queiroz, Jennifer Pan, Jaime Settle, Emily Thorson, Rebekah Tromble, Carlos Velasco Rivera, Benjamin Wittenbrink, Magdalena Wojcieszak, Shiqi Yang, Saam Zahedian, Annie Franco, Chad Kiewiet de Jonge, Natalie Jomini Stroud, Joshua A. Tucker
A crowdsourced megastudy of 12 digital single-session interventions for depression in US adults
Benjamin T. Kaveladze, Jan G. Voelkel, Michael N. Stagnaro, Mingjing Huang, Amanda E. Smock, Erin K. Sullivan, Yao M. Xu, Madison P. McCall, Juan Pablo Zapata, Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed, Ananya Bhattacharjee, Iva Georgieva, Rosa Hernandez-Ramos, Kenneth S. Huber, Julia K. Jennings, Arianna C. Kirk, Robert S. M. Knowles, Rachel Kornfield, Monika Neff Lind, Michelle Liu, Michael A. Liut, Alex T. Mariakakis, Ali M. Mattu, Adam P. McGuire, Jonah Meyerhoff, Alissa J. Mrazek, Michael D. Mrazek, David C. Mohr, Robert R. Morris, Christopher J. Mosunic, Hana Nip, Allen Olson-Urtecho, Jessa R. Podell, Dustyn S. Ransom, Shireen L. Rizvi, Matthew W. Southward, Sarah Elizabeth Stoeckl, Madison E. Taylor, Amy R. Texter, Calvin V. Tower, Angelique N. Trotter, Joseph J. Williams, Katherine E. Wislocki, Elijah J. Woodson, John Protzko, Lorenzo Lorenzo-Luaces, Stephen M. Schueller, Matthew K. Nock, Jessica L. Schleider
NR2F6 deletion revives CAR-T cell function and induces antigen-agnostic immune memory in solid tumors
Dominik Humer, Victoria Klepsch, Dietmar Rieder, Isabel Hölzl, Daniel Schreiber, Viktor Lang, JiĆĂ KoutnĂk, Sebastian Peer, Tajana Sajinovic, Viana Wille, Anna FĂŒrst, Dragana Savic, Gabriel Diem, Wilfried Posch, Ira-Ida Skvortsova, Anne Krogsdam, Sieghart Sopper, Sebastian Kobold, Zlatko Trajanoski, Kerstin Siegmund, Nikolaus Thuille, Thomas Gruber, Dominik Wolf, Gottfried Baier
Greg H. P. Ngo, Kez Cleal, Sara Seifan, Vanda Miklos, Szymon A. Barwacz, Brian L. Ruis, Siamak A. Kamranvar, Julia W. Grimstead, Ying Liu, Eric A. Hendrickson, Duncan M. Baird
Chip scale coil stabilized Brillouin laser driving a room temperature trapped ion qubit
Nitesh Chauhan, Christopher Caron, Andrei Isichenko, Meiting Song, Zhenyu Wei, Nishat Helaly, Kaikai Liu, Jiawei Wang, Robert J. Niffenegger, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Measurement of ion acceleration and diffusion in a laser-driven magnetized plasma
J. T. Y. Chu, J. W. D. Halliday, C. Heaton, K. Moczulski, A. Blazevic, D. Schumacher, M. Metternich, H. Nazary, C. D. Arrowsmith, A. R. Bell, K. A. Beyer, A. F. A. Bott, T. Campbell, E. Hansen, D. Q. Lamb, F. Miniati, P. Neumayer, C. A. J. Palmer, B. Reville, A. Reyes, S. Sarkar, A. Scopatz, C. Spindloe, C. B. Stuart, H. Wen, P. Tzeferacos, R. Bingham, G. Gregori
The key role of nanoparticle concentration gradient in aerosol initial growth
Runlong Cai, Xiaoxiao Li, Yuyang Li, Sara Blichner, Dominik Stolzenburg, Qiaozhi Zha, Jing Cai, Wei Nie, Chao Yan, Dan Dan Huang, Zhe Wang, Jin Wu, Rujing Yin, Nina Sarnela, Wei Huang, Santeri Tuovinen, Sebastian Holm, Lauri Ahonen, Lei Yao, Aijun Ding, Federico Bianchi, Yongchun Liu, Paul M. Winkler, Tuukka PetÀjÀ, Jianmin Chen, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Lin Wang, Douglas Worsnop, Jingkun Jiang, Markku Kulmala, Juha Kangasluoma
Francesco Avallone, Federico Bosia, Yi Chen, Giada Colombo, Richard Craster, Jacopo Maria De Ponti, NicolĂČ Fabbiane, Michael R. Haberman, Mahmoud I. Hussein, Wontae Hwang, Umberto Iemma, Abigail Juhl, Muamer Kadic, Marios Kotsonis, Vincent Laude, Olivier Marquet, Fabien Mery, Theodoros Michelis, Mostafa Nouh, Daniele Ragni, Marie Touboul, Martin Wegener, Anastasiia O. Krushynska
Topological metal-insulator transition within the ferromagnetic state
Ola Kenji Forslund, Chin Shen Ong, Moritz M. Hirschmann, Nicolas Gauthier, Hiroshi Uchiyama, Christian Tzschaschel, Daniel G. Mazzone, Romain Sibille, Antonio M. dos Santos, Masafumi Horio, Elisabetta Nocerino, Nami Matsubara, Deepak John Mukkattukavil, Konstantinos Papadopoulos, Kazuya Kamazawa, Kazuhiko Ikeuchi, Hidenori Takagi, Masahiko Isobe, Jun Sugiyama, Johan Chang, Yasmine Sassa, Olle Eriksson, Martin MĂ„nsson
HIV-seq reveals gene expression differences between HIV-transcribing cells from viremic and suppressed people with HIV
Julie Frouard, Sushama Telwatte, Xiaoyu Luo, Natalie Gill, Reuben Thomas, Douglas Arneson, Pavitra Roychoudhury, Atul J. Butte, Joseph K. Wong, Rebecca Hoh, Steven G. Deeks, Sulggi A. Lee, Nadia R. Roan, Steven A. Yukl
Allosteric activation of the glutamate receptor mGlu2 by the serotonin receptor 5-HT2A
Siyu Gai, Li Lin, Jiyong Meng, Yichen Wu, Li Xue, Chanjuan Xu, Qian Sun, AdriĂ Ricarte, James Dalton, Pedro Renault, JesĂșs Giraldo, Jean-Philippe Pin, Philippe Rondard, Jianfeng Liu
Forest canopy insects are safer from predators in the tropics than at higher latitudes
Katerina Sam, Elise Sivault, Sara Fernandez Garzon, Sam Finnie, Jan Kollross, Marketa Houska Tahadlova, Jan Lenc, Martin Libra, Antonia Ludwig, Heveakore Maraia, Amelia J. Philip, Leonardo Re Jorge, Xue Xiao, Martin Volf
Genome-wide analysis of cardiac ventricular phenotypes reveals novel loci and therapeutic targets for heart failure
Hannah L. Nicholls, Jose D. Vargas, Mihir M. Sanghvi, Hyo-Suk Ahn, C. Anwar A. Chahal, Mohammed Y. Khanji, Steffen E. Petersen, Patricia B. Munroe, Nay Aung
E. W. Llewellin, F. B. Wadsworth, P. Sullivan, J. P. Coumans, K. J. Dobson, M. C. S. Humphreys, A. Allabar, J. E. Gardner, R. A. Brooker, M. Nowak, T. Connolley, T. Havard, C. Allgood
Segmented filamentous bacteria are worldwide human gut commensals
Shashi Kiran, Ana Raquel Cruz, Alice Daniau, Bing Ma, Martial Marbouty, Juliana Pipoli Da Fonseca, AgnĂšs Legrand, Lyam Baudry, Thomas Cokelaer, Matthieu Bensussan, Maryse Moya-Nilges, Julian Garneau, Marc Monot, John B. Ochieng, Martin Antonio, Boubou Tamboura, Willem M. de Vos, Anne Salonen, Jahangir Hossain, Richard Omore, Samba O. Sow, Philippe J. Sansonetti, Jacques Ravel, Nadine Cerf-Bensussan, Pamela Schnupf
Discovery of the most compact 3+1-type quadruple star system TIC 120362137
TamĂĄs Borkovits, Saul A. Rappaport, Hai-Liang Chen, Guillermo Torres, Tibor Mitnyan, Veselin B. Kostov, Brian P. Powell, Theo Pribulla, Petr Zasche, Imre B. BĂrĂł, IstvĂĄn CsĂĄnyi, DonĂĄt R. Czavalinga, ZoltĂĄn Dencs, ZoltĂĄn Garai, Jakub KolĂĄĆ, Pavel CagaĆĄ, ZbynÄk Henzl, Tom Kaye, Hana KuÄĂĄkovĂĄ, Martin MaĆĄek, Robert UhlaĆ
GPR146 in adipose tissue drives adipose-liver crosstalk and promotes hepatic steatosis in mice
Yu Shi, Kai Yan Cheng, Thi Tun Thi, Yifan Wang, Yang Yang, Xiaoyun Cao, Vanna Chhay, Yujia Shen, Yuchen He, Tianyun Zhao, Yan Ting Lim, Amy Deik, Courtney Dennis, Kerry Pierce, Kevin Bullock, Martin Wabitsch, Clary B. Clish, Alexander S. Banks, Radoslaw M. Sobota, Chad A. Cowan, Haojie Yu
Clonal evolutionary analysis reveals patterns of malignant transformation of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the pancreas
Antonio Pea, Xiaotong He, Rosie Upstill-Goddard, Claudio Luchini, Leonor Patricia Schubert Santana, Stephan Dreyer, Fraser Duthie, Nigel B. Jamieson, Colin J. McKay, Euan J. Dickson, Alessandra Pulvirenti, Selma Rebus, Paola Piccoli, Nicola Sperandio, Rita T. Lawlor, Michele Milella, Fieke E. M. Froeling, Roberto Salvia, Aldo Scarpa, Andrew V. Biankin, David C. Wedge, David K. Chang
Clusters of vascular aging manifestations predict incident cardiovascular events in the community
T. van Sloten, P. Boutouyrie, M. Abouqateb, RM Bruno, RE Climie, F. Zhu, Shuyue Yang, Ali Farzaneh, O. Guedj, N. Danchin, B. Pannier, S. Laurent, M. Kamran Ikram, F. Mattace-Raso, M. Kavousi, X. Jouven, JP Empana
Photothermal CO2 methanation over (NiO/Ru0)/TiO2 catalysts via hydrogen spillover
Yu Nie, Guanhua Ren, Xinyu Dou, Yuan Tang, Donglong Fu, Haoyu Zhang, Chao An, Yanfang Li, Yuchen Guo, Haifeng Wang, Xin Tan, Jinhua Ye, Min Zhou, Tao Yu, Jinlong Gong
Cost-effective strategies can reduce water and energy requirements in Chinaâs wastewater treatment by 2035
Siqi Han, Edward R. Jones, Tuo Yin, Weijie Chen, Yanhong Wu, En Xie, Lei Li, Yang Xiao, Jiading Zhang, Xiuzhi Chen, Xiaokaitijiang Kasmu, Qiang Zheng, Bo Zhou, Yunkai Li
Integrated computational and experimental immunoengineering of adeno-associated virus capsid T cell epitopes in mice
Sojin Bing, Arya Eskandarian, Sean Smith, Abdul Mohin Sajib, Stephanee Warrington, Sima Saleh, Susana S Najera, Rebecca J. DâEsposito, Luis Santana-Quintero, Ronit Mazor
Cryo-EM structures of UBA6 reveal mechanisms of E1âE2 specificity and dual FAT10/ubiquitin thioester transfer
Digant Nayak, Lijia Jia, Priscila dos Santos Bury, Eliza A. Ruben, Ankita Shukla, Anindita Nayak, Caleb M. Stratton, Pirouz Ebadi, Hee Cho, Anna A. Tumanova, Joyce T. Varughese, Lingmin Yuan, Fei Gao, Kristin E. Cano, Christopher Davies, Patrick Sung, Michaela U. Gack, Elizabeth V. Wasmuth, Shaun K. Olsen
Author Correction: Phage therapy with nebulized cocktail BX004-A for chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis: a randomized first-in-human trial
First-line modified FOLFOX plus/minus nivolumab and Ipilimumab or FLOT plus nivolumab in advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: a phase II multi-cohort trial
Sylvie Lorenzen, Thorsten Oliver Goetze, Peter C. Thuss-Patience, Jorge Riera-Knorrenschild, Eray Goekkurt, Tobias Nicolaas Dechow, Thomas Jens Ettrich, Ralf Dieter Hofheinz, Kim Barbara Luley, Daniel Pink, Udo Lindig, Gunnar Folprecht, Gunter Schuch, Michael Bitzer, Volker Heinemann, Stefan Angermeier, Claus Bolling, Maria Loose, Sabine Junge, Claudia Pauligk, Salah-Eddin Al-Batran
Dynamic subcellular proteomics identifies regulators of adipocyte insulin action
Olivia J. Conway, Josie A. Christopher, Lisa M. Breckels, Hanqi Li, Dilip Menon, Meghna Birla, Bethan L. Hawkins, Lu Liang, Satish Patel, Francoise Koumanov, David C. Gershlick, David B. Savage, Michael P. Weekes, Kathryn S. Lilley, Daniel J. Fazakerley
Synthesis of 3-desoxycollinoketone B and its ability to reduce Alzheimer-associated misfolded proteins
Seongrok Heo, Minhae Cha, Wonho Zhung, JiMin Kim, Sirisuk Keereewan, Illhwan Cho, MinSeol Park, Wonbin Seo, Heewon Shin, Soljee Yoon, Suhyun Ye, Jae-Kyung Heo, Hayoung Hwang, Woo Youn Kim, YoungSoo Kim, Sunkyu Han
Integrative epigenomic landscape of Alzheimerâs Disease brains reveals oligodendrocyte molecular perturbations associated with tau
Stephanie R. Oatman, Joseph S. Reddy, Amin Atashgaran, Xue Wang, Yuhao Min, Zachary Quicksall, Floor Vanelderen, Minerva M. Carrasquillo, Chia-Chen Liu, Yu Yamazaki, Thuy T. Nguyen, Michael Heckman, Na Zhao, Michael DeTure, Melissa E. Murray, Guojun Bu, Takahisa Kanekiyo, Dennis W. Dickson, Mariet Allen, NilĂŒfer Ertekin-Taner
Potent efficacy of an NA-targeting antibody against a broad spectrum of H5N1 influenza viruses
Saya Moriyama, Julia di Iulio, Fabrizia Zatta, Kevin Hauser, Hideki Asanuma, Hector E. Muñoz, John M. Errico, Yu Adachi, Ha V. Dang, Nadine Czudnochowski, Eita Sasaki, Alex Chen, Yi-Pei Chen, Ryutaro Kotaki, Alessia Peter, Eneida Vetti, Taishi Onodera, M. Cyrus Maher, Laura E. Rosen, Masayuki Shirakura, Gyorgy Snell, Hideki Hasegawa, Yoshimasa Takahashi, Davide Corti, Matteo Samuele Pizzuto
Re-entrant unconventional superconductivity induced by rare-earth substitution in Nd1-xEuxNiO2 thin films
Dung Vu, Hangoo Lee, Daniele Nicoletti, Wenzheng Wei, Zheting Jin, Dmitry V. Chichinadze, Michele Buzzi, Wenxin Li, Xinhao Yang, Rongting Wu, Christopher A. Mizzi, Tiema Qian, Boris Maiorov, Alexey Suslov, Yu He, Cyprian Lewandowski, Sohrab Ismail-Beigi, Frederick J. Walker, Andrea Cavalleri, Charles H. Ahn
Subcellular proteomics reveals a blueprint for endosymbiont integration in trypanosomatid Angomonas deanei
Michael Hammond, ÄœubomĂra ChmelovĂĄ, Natascha A. van Geelen-Kuenzel, Anay K. Maurya, Eden R. Ferreira, Vanesa Puente, Lawrence Rudy Cadena, KristĂna ZĂĄhonovĂĄ, Adam Dowle, Jeremy C. Mottram, Eva C. M. Nowack, Julius LukeĆĄ, Vyacheslav Yurchenko
Branched-chain α-keto acids impair glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic ÎČ-cells under diabetes by reactivating the LDHA-lactate axis
Huige Lin, Melody Yuen Man Ho, Baomin Wang, Shama Mansoori, Yumei Yang, Wen Wang, Pui Kin So, Aimin Xu, Shilun Yang, Junlei Chang, Ada Man Hau Man, Hailong Piao, Chen Gao, Parco Ming Fai Siu, Xiaomu Li, Kenneth King Yip Cheng
SUPER and femtosecond spin-conserving coherent excitation of a tin-vacancy color center in diamond
Cem GĂŒney Torun, Mustafa Gökçe, Thomas K. Bracht, Mariano Isaza Monsalve, Sarah Benbouabdellah, ĂzgĂŒn Ozan Nacitarhan, Marco E. Stucki, Domenica Bermeo Alvaro, Matthew L. Markham, Tommaso Pregnolato, Joseph H. D. Munns, Gregor Pieplow, Doris E. Reiter, Tim Schröder
Nucleotide-resolution mapping of regulatory elements via allelic readout of tiled base editing
Basheer Becerra, Sandra Wittibschlager, Zain M. Patel, Ana P. Kutschat, Justin Delano, Eric Che, Anzhelika Tauber, Ting Wu, Marlena Starrs, Christina S. Horstmann, Sophie MĂŒller, Madelynn N. Whittaker, Elise Sylvander, Manfred Lehner, Michael I. Love, Benjamin P. Kleinstiver, Martin Jankowiak, Daniel E. Bauer, Davide Seruggia, Luca Pinello
Vibronically assisted sub-cycle charge transfer at a non-fullerene acceptor heterojunction
Pratyush Ghosh, Jeroen Royakkers, Giacomo Londi, Samuele Giannini, Rakesh Arul, Alexander J. Gillett, Scott T. Keene, Szymon J. Zelewski, David Beljonne, Hugo Bronstein, Akshay Rao
Altering the carbohydrate-binding specificity of the legume lectin FRIL through structure-guided engineering
Yo-Min Liu, Hong Thuy Vy Nguyen, Xiaorui Chen, Md. Shahed-Al-Mahmud, Ting-Hua Chen, Kuo-Shiang Liao, Jennifer M. Lo, Tzu-Chun Kan, Chien-Tai Ren, Che Ma
Conditional BCL-2 Expression in Fibroblasts Promotes Persistent Pulmonary Fibrosis which is Reversible by Therapeutic BCL-2 Inhibition
Elizabeth F. Redente, Tengyao Song, Nomin Javkhlan, Benjamin L. Edelman, Daniel G. Foster, Jasmine A. Wilson, Sangeeta Chakraborty, Joseph C. Cooley, Rohit Gaurav, Satria Saguthi, Max A. Seibold, Rachel Z. Blumhagen, David A. Schwartz, Ivana V. Yang, Jennifer Matsuda, James P. Bridges, Rachel L. Zemans, Rubin M. Tuder, David W. H. Riches
Beta cell-derived cholecystokinin drives obesity-associated pancreatic adenocarcinoma development
Cathy C. Garcia, Aarthi Venkat, Daniel C. McQuaid, Sherry S. Agabiti, Alexander Tong, Boby Mathew, Rebecca L. Cardone, Rebecca Starble, Christian F. Ruiz, Christy Zheng, Akin Sogunro, Jeremy B. Jacox, Ken H. Loh, Richard G. Kibbey, Smita Krishnaswamy, Mandar Deepak Muzumdar
Site-specific profiling of structure and function of Ig” B cell receptor glycans
M. D. Holborough-Kerkvliet, L. Hafkenscheid, S. Kroos, R. Biersteker, R. van de Wetering, O. Singh, E. Fadda, R. T. N. Tjokrodirijo, P. A. van Veelen, M. Wuhrer, D. Falck, R. E. M. Toes
Publisher Correction: An OTX2-PAX3 signaling axis regulates Group 3 medulloblastoma cell fate
Jamie Zagozewski, Ghazaleh M. Shahriary, Ludivine CoudiĂšre Morrison, Olivier Saulnier, Margaret Stromecki, Agnes Fresnoza, Gareth Palidwor, Christopher J. Porter, Antoine Forget, Olivier Ayrault, Cynthia Hawkins, Jennifer A. Chan, Maria C. Vladoiu, Lakshmikirupa Sundaresan, Janilyn Arsenio, Michael D. Taylor, Vijay Ramaswamy, Tamra E. Werbowetski-Ogilvie
Heterogeneously integrated lithium tantalate-on-silicon nitride modulators for high-speed communications
Jiachen Cai, Alexander Kotz, Hugo Larocque, Chengli Wang, Xinru Ji, Junyin Zhang, Daniel Drayss, Jiale Sun, Shuhang Zheng, Xin Ou, Christian Koos, Tobias J. Kippenberg
Dysregulation of the DNA damage response by phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides
Linn Hjelmgren, Qianyu Zhou, Sandro Schmidli, Manon Gloudemans, Tomasz Czapik, Samantha Roudi, Malgorzata Honcharenko, Daniel W. Hagey, Samir EL Andaloussi, Marianne Farnebo
Hyperparametric solitons in nondegenerate optical parametric oscillators
Haizhong Weng, Xinru Ji, Mugahid Ali, Edward H. Krock, Lulin Wang, Vikash Kumar, Weihua Guo, Qing Wan, Tobias J. Kippenberg, John F. Donegan, Dmitry V. Skryabin
Analysis of isobaric quantitative proteomic data using TMT-Integrator and FragPipe computational platform
Hui-Yin Chang, Yamei Deng, Ruohong Li, Dmitry Avtonomov, Bo Wen, Sarah E. Haynes, Felipe da Veiga Leprevost, Bing Zhang, Fengchao Yu, Alexey I. Nesvizhskii
Design-driven optimization of low-cost reagent formulations for reproducible and high-yielding cell-free gene expression
Meagan L. Olsen, Caroline E. Copeland, Chad A. Sundberg, Rochelle Aw, Zachary M. Shaver, Govind Rao, James R. Swartz, Ashty S. Karim, Michael C. Jewett
Femtosecond concerted rotation of molecules on a 2D material interface
Kiana BaumgÀrtner, Misa Nozaki, Marvin Reuner, Nils Wind, Masato Haniuda, Christian Metzger, Michael Heber, Dmytro Kutnyakhov, Federico Pressacco, Lukas Wenthaus, Keisuke Hara, Kalyani Chordiya, Chul-Hee Min, Martin Beye, Friedrich Reinert, Friedrich Roth, Sanjoy Kr Mahatha, Anders Madsen, Tim Wehling, Kaori Niki, Daria Popova-Gorelova, Kai Rossnagel, Markus Scholz
Understanding pre-training data effects in retinal foundation models using two large fundus cohorts
Yukun Zhou, Zheyuan Wang, Yilan Wu, Ariel Yuhan Ong, Siegfried K. Wagner, Eden Ruffell, Mark A. Chia, Zhouyu Guan, Lie Ju, Justin Engelmann, David A. Merle, Tingyao Li, Jia Shu, Paul Nderitu, Ke Zou, Jocelyn Hui Lin Goh, Qingshan Hou, Xiaoxuan Liu, Yaxing Wang, Yih Chung Tham, Andre Altmann, Carol Y. Cheung, Daniel C. Alexander, Eric J. Topol, Alastair K. Denniston, Tien Yin Wong, Bin Sheng, Pearse A. Keane
Prospective multicenter study of ctDNA versus tumor tissue guiding FGFR-targeted therapy in metastatic urothelial cancer
David C. MĂŒller, Andrew J. Murtha, Jack V. W. Bacon, Maria Stephenson, Connor Wells, Carlos Vasquez-Rios, Kimia Rostin, Lisa Rebane, Elena Schönlau, Jussi Nikkola, Nimira Alimohamed, Naveen S. Basappa, Daygen Finch, Jenny J. Ko, Jean-Michel Lavoie, Lucia Nappi, Krista Noonan, Michael Ong, Guliz Ozgun, Sunil Parimi, Maryam Soleimani, Srikala S. Sridhar, Paul Toren, Eric Winquist, Cecily Q. Bernales, Melissa Koudjanian, Jaskirat Atwal, Emily Fung, Laiba Khan, Bryndan Eigl, Dalia Othman, Tarek A. Bismar, Gang Wang, Reem Merza, Andreas I. Papadakis, Alan Spatz, Christian Kollmannsberger, Corinne Maurice-Dror, Matti Annala, Kim N. Chi, Gillian Vandekerkhove, Alexander W. Wyatt, Bernhard J. Eigl
Generative modeling enables molecular structure retrieval from Coulomb explosion imaging
Xiang Li, Till Jahnke, Rebecca Boll, Jiaqi Han, Minkai Xu, Michael Meyer, Maria Novella Piancastelli, Daniel Rolles, Artem Rudenko, Florian Trinter, Thomas J. A. Wolf, Jana B. Thayer, James P. Cryan, Stefano Ermon, Phay J. Ho
Epitope-spanning antigenic variation reprograms immunodominance and broadens immunity in sequential influenza vaccination
Xiu-Feng Wan, Minhui Guan, Pradeep Balamalaliyage, Hanqiao Chen, Kritika Prasai, Ana Alcala, John Driver, Alicia K. Olivier, Weihong Gu, Christina Frymire, De Darling Melany Carvalho Madrid, Cheng Gao, Chengcheng Wang, Tao Li, Wikanda Tunterak, Qiongying Yang, Ashwin Ramesh, Muzaffar Ali, David Smith, Lei Li, Andrea J. Sant, Jun Hang, Hang Xie, Mingyi Zhou, Yizhi Jane Tao
Activation of IRF3 in cardiomyocytes impairs mitochondrial oxidative function through PGC-1α inhibition and drives heart failure
Manju Kumari, Ioannis Evangelakos, Anushka Deshpande, Kirstie A. De Jong, Nesrin Schmiedel, NicolĂ s Palacio-Escat, Adriano de Britto Chaves-Filho, Roberto Carlos Frias-Soler, Glynis Klinke, Hyun Cheol Roh, Luisa Lange, Michael Berlin, Marceline M. Fuh, Jakob Johannes Buss, Tian Tian, Carolin LerchenmĂŒller, Marc Freichel, Almut Schulze, Viacheslav O. Nikolaev, Thomas Eschenhagen, Evan D. Rosen, Ludger Scheja, Ashraf Yusuf Rangrez, Joerg Heeren, Norbert Frey
Optimizing cross-domain transfer for universal machine learning interatomic potentials
Jaesun Kim, Jinmu You, Yutack Park, Yunsung Lim, Yujin Kang, Jisu Kim, Haekwan Jeon, Suyeon Ju, Deokgi Hong, Seung Yul Lee, Saerom Choi, Yongdeok Kim, Jae W. Lee, Seungwu Han
TIGAR regulates intestinal mucus barrier integrity by inhibiting lactylation of G6PD/6PGD in ulcerative colitis
Dan Wu, Sen Su, Panyang Zhang, Xule Zha, Yan Wei, Ting Zhang, Xiaoyan Liu, Qian Chen, Chunyan Li, Qianying Huang, Zhihao Zhou, Yan Yang, Lin Xia, Shijun Fan, Xi Peng
Hybrid macrophage-mitochondria extracellular vesicles for mitochondrial ROS regulation in diabetic wounds
Li Fan, Changhe Zhang, Zhigang Xu, Zhelong Li, Bin Zhang, Heng Li, Jingxiang Wang, Zhao Wei, Juntao Han, Hao Guan, Bo Peng, Nicolas H. Voelcker, Xuekang Yang
Chronic diseases disproportionately affect certain ethnic and gender groups, but the social determinants driving these disparities in Latin America are not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed data from national health surveys in Brazil, Mexico, and Ecuador (2018â2019), representing a total weighted population of 96,726,891 adults. We used random forest models to predict chronic disease diagnoses based on education, occupation, and access to essential services such as sanitation, drinking water, and garbage collection. Our models performed better for indigenous and afro-descendant people, highlighting significant inequalities. While occupation and education were strong predictors for women, decreasing model performance by 8.57% and 7.36% respectively, occupation was the critical variable for men, decreasing model performance by 19.6% when neutralized. This work highlights the need for public policies adapted to the specific needs of different ethnic and gender groups.
Risk of cervical cancer and high-grade lesions in vulnerable women a systematic review and meta-analysis
Amir Hassine, Anna Tisler, Myriam Martel, Marc Bardou
Over the last four decades, studies provided evidence that individuals tend to rate statements as being more truthful when they are re-exposed to them, the so-called âillusory truth effectâ. In light of a growing number of studies published since the previous meta-analysis in 2006 and concern of publishing biases, we conduct a meta-analysis on 182 studies and 366 effect sizes (N = 31,184 participants) published from 1977 to 2025. After correcting for small-study effects, we observe a small illusory truth effect (g = 0.37, 95% confidence interval [0.30, 0.44]), with a substantial within and between-study heterogeneity. Here, we show that multiple variables accounted for such heterogeneity, including the type of item, the instructions during the first exposure, the presence of veracity cues, and the duration of presentation on first exposure to the statement. We highlight the importance of the initial exposure and discuss practical implications regarding the current misinformation crisis.
Global economic exposure to climate change amplified by spatially compounding climate extremes
Bianca Biess, Lukas Gudmundsson, Sonia I. Seneviratne
Despite growing evidence that climate extreme events can significantly affect local economies, the implications of cross-regional and planetary-scale dependencies in climate extremes remain inadequately understood. We demonstrate a crucial link between the projected increase in spatially compounding hot, wet, and dry extremes and the amplification of global economic exposure. Based on Earth System Model projections from the 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, we analyze how planetary-scale and cross-regional dependencies can exacerbate regional disparities in economic exposure. Our findings reveal that regions with lower present-day economic wealth are more likely to face extreme events simultaneously with other areas, amplifying the potential threats to their economic stability. This study highlights the necessity of considering economic exposure to climate extremes beyond local scales, emphasizing the need for assessing cross-regional exposures and understanding the connections between localized exposures and global economic dynamics.
Science Advances
Generic title: Not a research article
Erratum for the Research Article âAIBP-LRP2âmediated HDL uptake restricts CXCR4+ stemlike capillary expansion and collateral circulationâ by L. Zhu et al .
The 3D architecture of the ctenophore aboral organ and the evolution of complex integrative centers in animals
Anna Ferraioli, Leonid Digel, Daniela Sturm, Jeffrey Colgren, Carine Le Goff, Alexandre Jan, Joan J. Soto-Angel, Benjamin Naumann, Maike Kittelmann, Pawel Burkhardt
Compressive stressâdriven Piezo1 activation and Rho-ROCK mechanotransduction promote tumor progression via epigenetic mechanical memory
Sarah T. Boyle, David Gallego-Ortega, Edward J. Buckley, Emmanuelle Cognard, M. Zahied Johan, Zahra Esmaeili, Makoto Kamei, Kate Poole, Michael S. Samuel
A beneficial environment promotes immune resilience through epigenetic regulation
Guilherme Dragunas, Markus Klotz, Sirui Chen, Zeynep ErtĂŒz, Xiaomei Tan, ĂlkĂŒ Rabia Korkmaz, Soni Shankhwar, Bettina Rankl, Deepesh Dhakad, Jimmy Omony, Christoph H. Mayr, Yuexin Chen, Ahmed Agami, Chung-Wen Lin, Christoph MĂŒller, Lars Lunding, Michael Wegmann, Johanna Berner, Jelena Popovic, Barbara U. Schraml, Heiko Adler, Pascal Falter-Braun, Herbert Schiller, Henrik Watz, Thomas M. Conlon, Aicha Jeridi, Theodoros S. Kapellos, Erika von Mutius, Ali Ănder Yildirim
Immune-adaptive pathogen variation reveals targetable mediators of gram-positive bacterial killing in macrophages
Clark D. Russell, Jennifer Marshall, Brian J. McHugh, Bartosz J. Michno, Justyna Cholewa-Waclaw, Gonzalo Yebra, Jelimo Chepsat, Gareth-Rhys Jones, Martin P. McHugh, Nicola N. Lynskey, Stephen A. Renshaw, Tomasz K. Prajsnar, J. Kenneth Baillie, J. Ross Fitzgerald, David H. Dockrell
Southern Hemisphere initiation of the mid-Pleistocene transition
Chandranath Basak, A. K. Isuri U. Kapuge, Jesse R. Farmer, Emily Symes, Jennifer L. Middleton, Julia Gottschalk, Helge W. Arz, Frank Lamy, Gisela Winckler, Anna P. S. Cruz
Multi-isotope analysis of mammal bones provides environmental context for the adoption of agriculture in the Tehuacan Valley of Mexico
Andrew D. Somerville, Isabel Casar, RocĂo HernĂĄndez-Flores, Francisco Otero, Edith Cienfuegos Alvarado, Daniel Dalmas, JoaquĂn Arroyo-Cabrales, Kent V. Flannery, Pedro Morales-Puente, Laura E. Beramendi-Orosco
Differential SP4 expression and HSP60 abundance in buccal swabs from patients with schizophrenia
Christen M. Crosta, Brandon J. Vaglio, Joshua Stuckey, Atul K. Bhattiprolu, Johanne Solis, Jared Lamp, Andrew Umstead, Irving E. Vega, Steven M. Silverstein, Bonnie L. Firestein
Andrew L. Eagle, Chiho Sugimoto, Marie A. Doyle, Daniela Anderson, Seyedeh Leila Mousavi, Megan M. Dykstra, Hayley M. Kuhn, Brooklynn R. Murray, Ryan M. Bastle, Sarah Simmons, Jin He, Ian Maze, Michelle S. Mazei-Robison, Alfred J. Robison
Persistent antigen is essential for sustaining Leishmania major âspecific memory CD4 + T cells and long-term immunity
Zhirong Mou, Roma Zayats, Enitan Salako, Nnamdi Ikeogu, Somtochukwu S. Onwah, Dong Liu, Hiroshi Hamana, Hiroyuki Kishi, Da Tan, Carson Leung, Janilyn Arsenio, Thomas T. Murooka, Jude E. Uzonna
Single-cell protein activity analysis reveals aberrant myogenesis and IGF2-PI3K pathway dependencies in MYOD1 -mutant rhabdomyosarcoma
Josephine K. Dermawan, Fabio Vanoli, Henry Traux de Wardi, Jonathan N. Levi, Glorymar Ibanez Sanchez, Armaan Siddiquee, Samantha Brosius, Daoqi You, Franck Tirode, Patricia Sung, Marie Karanian, Daniel Pissaloux, Leonard H. Wexler, Andrew Kung, Alice Soragni, Filemon S. Dela Cruz, Jovana Pavisic, Cristina R. Antonescu
Host iron deficiency protects against Plasmodium infection and drives parasite molecular reprofiling
Danielle Clucas, Cavan Bennett, Rebecca Harding, Anne Pettikiriarachchi, Andrew Baldi, Louise M. Randall, Ryan Steel, Ronan Mellin, Melissa Hobbs, Sabrina Caiazzo, Martin N. Mwangi, Katherine L. Fielding, Peter F. Hickey, Tracey M. Baldwin, Daniela Amann-Zalcenstein, Samantha J. Emery-Corbin, Glory Mzembe, Ernest Moya, Sabine Braat, Aaron Jex, Ayse Y. Demir, Hans Verhoef, Kamija S. Phiri, Beverley-Ann Biggs, Wai-Hong Tham, Justin A. Boddey, Sant-Rayn Pasricha, Ricardo AtaĂde
Digital support systems to improve child development in Peru: A cluster-randomized controlled open-label trial
GĂŒnther Fink, Dana Charles McCoy, Lena JĂ€ggi, Kristen Hinckley, Andreana Castellanos, Maria Luisa Huaylinos Bustamante, Leonel Aguilar, Maria Catalina Gastiaburu Cabello, Milagros Alvarado, Sarah Farnsworth Hatch, Marta Dormal, Jorge Cuartas, Ce Zhang, Stella Hartinger Peña, Daniel MĂ€usezahl
Digital technologies have the potential to transform early childhood development (ECD) interventions by delivering personalized support at scale. We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Peru to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an artificial intelligenceâsupported digital parenting chatbot as well as traditional home visits as interventions to improve child development. Among 2461 caregiver-child dyads, both the digital and home-visiting interventions improved child development outcomes at 2.5 years of age, with standardized effect sizes of 0.11 and 0.17, respectively. At 1 / 15 of the cost of in-person support, the digital intervention yielded superior cost-effectiveness. These findings suggest that digital platforms can be a viable, scalable alternative to support childrenâs development in resource-constrained settings.
Enabling Fieldwork for All (EFFA) Framework: Supporting physical, social, financial, and psychological safety in the field
Calls to address fieldwork safety that began in the 1980s have been amplified and expanded in the past decade by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and US federal funding agencies. Now, research on fieldwork safety and resulting recommendations are largely siloed by scientific discipline, limiting the spread of data and discussion that could yield rapid change for field research. This review synthesizes literature on fieldwork safety across scientific disciplines, highlighting four facets of safety for leaders and researchers to address: physical, social, financial, and psychological. Literature and real-life events demonstrate that the four facets of safety are interconnected and should be considered together. The review concludes with a synthesis of recommendations for each facet of safety. This review provides principal investigators with accessible, data-driven resources and propose a framework for future research on field safety that will enable cross-disciplinary sharing.
How do you measure a threat in the air? Testing the universal, dynamic, and multifaceted nature of social identity threat
Kathryn M. Kroeper, Ariana Hernandez-Colmenares, Dorainne J. Green, Heidi E. Williams, Austin Kuzdal, Juan Ospina, Courtney A. Moore, Gunjan Agarwal, Andrew F. Heckler, Jennifer Crocker, Kentaro Fujita, Mary C. Murphy, Steven J. Spencer
Social identity threat is a vigilance state in which a person anticipates that others in a setting may devalue them because of one (or more) of their social identities. According to theory, threat is multifacetedâencompassing concerns about stereotyping, belonging, fairness, authenticity, and moreâand situational, fluctuating depending on which identities and contextual cues are salient. Threat is also theorized as a universal experienceâaffecting potentially anyone, across any of their identities. Here, we put these central aspects of theory to the test by introducing the Social Identity Threat Concerns (SITC) Inventory, a self-report instrument designed to assess threat across varied identity-by-context situations. Across nine studies ( N = 8533), we show that threat is common across social groups yet situational, emerging under specific, theorized conditions. The SITC Inventory is a field-advancing tool that equips researchers to better understand and reduce identity-based threats, laying the groundwork for more inclusive and equitable environments.
PNAS
GPT-4o mini: Non-social science research article
Evolutionary trade-offs under stochastic water stress shape xylem vulnerability to drought
Ross M. Deans, Patrick Meir, Roderick C. Dewar, Maurizio Mencuccini
Climate-driven divergence in biophysical and economic impacts of agrivoltaics
Mengqi Jia, Bin Peng, Kaiyu Guan, David M. Lawrence, Evan H. DeLucia, Alan K. Knapp, Greg A. Barron-Gafford, Madhu Khanna, Danica L. Lombardozzi, Matthew A. Sturchio, Steven A. Kannenberg, Lei Zhao, James McCall, Jinyun Tang, Carl J. Bernacchi, Paul Mwebaze, Fahd Majeed, DoKyoung Lee, Alson Time
Ocean warming enhances iron use efficiencies of marine ammonia-oxidizing archaea
Wei Qin, Alessandro Tagliabue, Lei Hou, Min Xu, Xiaopeng Bian, Dawn M. Moran, Duo Zhao, Qian Li, Matthew R. McIlvin, Yue Zheng, Shuh-Ji Kao, Yao Zhang, Mak A. Saito, Seth G. John, Fei-Xue Fu, David A. Hutchins
Head-to-head comparison of brain-derived pTau217 and total pTau217 for brain amyloid and tau pathology classification
Yuanbing Jiang, Wenyue Zheng, Zengjie Xia, Wan Wa Wong, Lily K. W. Cheng, Fanny C. Ip, Siu Man Choi, Andrew L. T. Chan, Ching Yu Lam, Ka Shing Ho, Chun Keung Shum, Jacqueline K. Y. Yuen, Yat Fung Shea, Hok Man Wai, Vincent C. T. Mok, Timothy C. Y. Kwok, Kin Y. Mok, Hiu Yi Wong, Henrik Zetterberg, Amy K. Y. Fu, Nancy Y. Ip
Eunhye Lee, Wonju Kim, David H. Beier, Yejin Lee, Marina Kovalenko, Faaiza Saif, Esaria Oliver, Bhairavi Srinageshwar, Ryan Murtha, Marissa A. Andrew, Andrew Jiang, Tammy Gillis, Brigitte Demelo, Jayla Ruliera, Diane Lucente, Seung Kwak, Ramee Lee, Ricardo Mouro Pinto, Marcy E. MacDonald, James F. Gusella, Patrick J. OâBrien, Vanessa C. Wheeler, Ihn Sik Seong
SV2A PET reveals synaptic density loss in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and in a pilot multiple sclerosis study
Pou Hong Justin Chia, Takuya Toyonaga, Junchao Tong, Hannah Le, Mark Dias, Amanda J. Boyle, Roger Raymond, Erin E. Longbrake, Yiyun Huang, Richard E. Carson, Laura Airas, Neil Vasdev, Ming-Kai Chen, Chao Zheng
Phagocytes as plaque catalysts: Human macrophages generate seeding-competent AÎČ42 fibrils with cross-seeding activity
Katerina Konstantoulea, Meine Ramakers, Sarah C. Borrie, Dries TâSyen, Daan Moechars, Malgorzata A. Sliwinska, Brajabandhu Pradhan, Giulia Albertini, NĂłra BaligĂĄcs, Grigoria Tsaka, Bert Houben, Mark Fiers, Rodrigo Gallardo, Maarten Dewilde, Dietmar Rudolf Thal, Michael Willem, Jonas J. Neher, Bart De Strooper, Frederic Rousseau, Joost Schymkowitz
EIF4H and YBX1 are essential host factors for hepatitis E virus replication and pathogenesis
Xiaohui Ju, Lin Dong, Tianxu Liu, Fan Zhang, Xuege Sun, Michael P. Schwoerer, Wenlin Ren, Mingli Gong, Alexander Ploss, Wei Qin, Xianfang Wu, Lin Wang, Qiang Ding
Probing the microscopic origin of toughness in multiple polymer networks
Nicholas H. P. Orr, Magali Le Goff, Burebi Yiming, Jean-Louis Barrat, Mehdi Bouzid, Laurence Ramos, Costantino Creton, Kirsten Martens, Luca Cipelletti
Nine changes needed to deliver a radical transformation in biodiversity measurement
William J. Sutherland, Neil D. Burgess, Scott V. Edwards, Julia P. G. Jones, Pamela S. Soltis, David Tilman, Julie M. Allen, Herizo T. Andrianandrasana, Cathrine J. Armour, Tom August, Kamaljit S. Bawa, Sallie Bailey, Tanya Birch, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Jeannine Cavender-Bares, Mark Blaxter, Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer, Barnabas H. Daru, Adriana De Palma, Cristina Eisenberg, Chris S. Elphick, Robert P. Freckleton, Winifred F. Frick, Andrew Gonzalez, Scott J. Goetz, Lior Greenspoon, Christina M. Grozingeree, Don L. Hankins, Jonny Hazell, Nick J. B. Isaac, Marco Lambertini, Harris A. Lewin, Oisin Mac Aodha, Anil Madhavapeddy, EJ Milner-Gulland, Ron Milo, James OâDwyer, Andy Purvis, Nick Salafsky, Heather Tallis, Iroro Tanshi, Varsha Vijay, Martin Wikelski, David R. Williams, S. Hollis Woodard, Gene E. Robinson
High bacterial diversity drives the suppression of a soilborne plant disease
Xiaoli Bai, Zhefei Li, Beibei Chen, Xun Qian, Yu Guo, Qian Wang, Chun Chen, Weimin Chen, Xihui Shen, Jialin Liu, Juan Jin, Weiqin Zhang, Qi Liu, Shi Chen, Shanshan Yang, Leilei Xu, Marcel G. A. van der Heijden, James M. Tiedje, Shuo Jiao, Gehong Wei
Cellular circadian period and its deviation associate with Alzheimerâs pathology and brain aging in cognitively impaired older adults
Hyun Woong Roh, Sang Won Seo, Seong Hye Choi, Eun-Joo Kim, Soo Hyun Cho, Byeong C. Kim, Jin Wook Choi, Young-Sil An, Na-Rae Kim, Bumhee Park, Sun Min Lee, So Young Moon, Dongha Lee, Chang Hyung Hong, Sang Joon Son, Eun Young Kim
Loss of function of the chromatin remodeling gene INO80D leads to neurogenic features of schizophrenia
Anna B. Sunshine, Suleyman Gulsuner, C. Andrew Williams, Martina Sarchi, Robert Y. Chen, Christopher Cavanaugh, Jennifer Hesson, Julie Mathieu, Jessica E. Young, Jon M. McClellan, Mary-Claire King
Saturation of superconductivity in cuprates overdoped with high-pressure oxygen: Phase diagram with YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7+ÎŽ , ÎŽ â 1
Steven D. Conradson, Luiz M. Dezaneti, Gianguido Baldinozzi, Linda Sederholm, Maarit Karppinen, Luis Casillas-Trujillo, Matthew Latimer, Oliver Mueller, Edmondo Gilioli, Alan R. Bishop, Xiaofeng Guo, Juejing Liu, Juan Lezama Pacheco
Direct evidence of acid-driven protein desolvation
Farzad Hamdi, Ioannis Skalidis, Inken Kaja Schwerin, Jaydeep Belapure, Dmitry A. Semchonok, Fotis L. Kyrilis, Christian TĂŒting, Johannes MĂŒller, Georg KĂŒnze, Panagiotis L. Kastritis
Maya Postclassic persistence in the Birds of Paradise Wetland Fields, Belize
Lara M. SĂĄnchez-Morales, Timothy P. Beach, Sheryl Luzzadder-Beach, Samantha Krause, Duncan Cook, Byron Smith, David Lentz, Carlos Quiroz, William Pratt, Lori Phillips, Thomas Guderjan, Colleen Hanratty, Fred Valdez
Thirty years of glacier grounding line retreat in Antarctica
Eric Rignot, Bernd Scheuchl, Jean Baptiste Barre, Virginia Brancato, Laurane Charrier, Hanning Chen, Enrico Ciraci, Andy Dinh, Sam Herreid, Seongsu Jeong, Xin Li, Thomas Mitchell, Yara Mohajerani, Sina Shamsian, Valentyn Tolpekin, Isabella Velicogna, Michael Wollersheim
Coupled machine learningâecosystem ensemble models substantially improve predictions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes from US croplands
Prateek Sharma, Bruno Basso, Aditya Manuraj, Michael S. Murillo, Neville Millar, Tommaso Tadiello, Mukta Sharma, Mathieu Delandmeter, G. Philip Robertson
A pharmacovigilance dataâdriven approach to reveal high fatal adverse events following checkpoint immunotherapy
Zhen Sun, Xuan Deng, Jianglong Guo, Mengsi Liu, Siying Wang, Jian Wang, Jiaojiao Zheng, Kongyan Niu, Weiming Shen, Zhen Ye, Chongming Zheng, Hongye Wang, Fan Yang, Zhouzhou Bao, Kui Ming Chan, Gang Chen, Ming Guan, Haojie Jin
Extracellular heme:DNA complexes promote oxidative stress and inflammation during lupus-associated hemolysis
Lubica Janovicova, Monika Janikova, Michal Pastorek, Eva Csizmadia, Cherith Yoder, Alexandra Lesayova, Liam Geyer, Vasileios C. Kyttaris, George C. Tsokos, Peter Celec, Barbara Wegiel
Collectin-11 regulates osteoclastogenesis and bone maintenance via a complement-dependent mechanism
Mark C. Howard, Conrad A. Farrar, Christopher L. Nauser, Yusun Jeon, Anastasia Polycarpou, Dorota Smolarek, Roseanna Greenlaw, Martyn Foster, Peter Garred, Daniela A. Vizitiu, Subhankar Mukhopadhyay, Steven H. Sacks
Julia N. Faraone, Pei Li, Junping Hong, Jinkai Zang, Yajie Liu, Yan Xu, Panke Qu, John P. Evans, Jie Chen, Yi-Min Zheng, Phylip Chen, Mark E. Peeples, Kai Xu, Shan-Lu Liu
Adsorption and reaction of SO 2 , H 2 S, and N 2 O on graphene/silicon(111): Successful quest for a metal-free catalystâTheory and experiment
Abdolvahab Seif, Thomas Stach, Trung T. Pham, Md Arif Uddin, Jean-François Colomer, Robert Sporken, Alberto Ambrosetti, Pier Luigi Silvestrelli, Uwe Burghaus
From data to decisions: Toward a Biodiversity Monitoring Standards Framework
Andrew Gonzalez, Tom August, Sallie Bailey, Kyle Bobiwash, Philipp H. Boersch-Supan, Neil D. Burgess, Barnabas H. Daru, Chris S. Elphick, Robert P. Freckleton, Winifred F. Frick, Alice C. Hughes, Nick J. B. Isaac, Julia P G. Jones, Marco Lambertini, Oisin Mac Aodha, Anil Madhavapeddy, E. J. Milner-Gulland, Andy Purvis, Nick Salafsky, William J. Sutherland, Iroro Tanshi, Varsha Vijay, S. Hollis Woodard, David R. Williams
Correction for Yanaka et al., Exploring glycoform-dependent dynamic modulations in human immunoglobulin G via computational and experimental approaches
Vegetables are vital to human diets, supplying essential micronutrients critical to overall health. Despite this, it remains unclear whether current supply systems effectively ensure equitable access to cultivated vegetables across regions or fully leverage the potential of wild vegetables to diversify diets. Here, we analyzed data from 2,983 supermarkets across 330 cities for cultivated vegetables, alongside a comprehensive database of 2,461 species of wild vegetables, to evaluate the current state of vegetable supply and the potential of wild vegetables to enhance dietary diversity in China. Our analysis revealed that the species richness of cultivated vegetables is relatively low, with markets predominantly offering 52 common species. Wealthier regions exhibited greater diversity in cultivated vegetable offerings, while the availability of common cultivated vegetables was equitable and consistently distributed across vast areas of the country. However, overreliance on a few dominant species has led to a homogenization of vegetable diets across the country. Conversely, wild vegetables demonstrated a significantly richer species pool with notable regional variations. These wild vegetables serve as an important supplemental food source, particularly in regions with limited diversity of cultivated vegetables. They contribute to food security and nutrition, especially during shortages, and align with traditional food preferences in local communities. The broad distribution and rich diversity of wild vegetables present valuable opportunities for germplasm and essential micronutrient sources for humans. Our findings provide a comprehensive overview of the current state and limitations of cultivated vegetable supply, emphasizing the untapped potential of wild vegetables in diversifying and enriching human diets.
Moral stereotyping in large language models
Aliah Zewail, Alexandra Figueroa, Jesse Graham, Mohammad Atari
Can Large Language Models (LLMs) accurately estimate various societiesâ moral values? Here, we query the perceptions of LLMs regarding the moral norms of the âaverageâ person from 48 nations and compare them to a large-scale ( n = 90 , 802 ) survey of six moral values (Care, Equality, Proportionality, Loyalty, Authority, and Purity) from those populations. Our findings indicate that LLMs poorly capture the moral diversity around the globe, systematically overestimating some moral values (particularly Care) and underestimating others (especially Purity). Notably, examining various versions of Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) shows that these LLMs may overestimate the overall moral concerns of some Western countries (e.g., the United States, Canada, and Australia) while underestimating those of non-Western countries (e.g., Nigeria, Morocco, and Indonesia). Our work demonstrates that LLMs are inaccurate generators of cross-cultural estimations in the moral domain; in other words, they stereotype the moral values of non-Western populations in predictable ways. Our results highlight the ethical and epistemic risks of relying on LLMs to estimate the endorsement of moral values around the globe.
Rapid solar energy development in deserts: A missing element in desertification control and achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Hong Yang, Qi Feng, Jianhua Xiao, Guoshuai Li, Julian R. Thompson
Social distancing can mitigate the spread of diseases in humans and animals. Social distancing allows susceptible individuals to protect themselves (and others) but confers no personal benefit for infected individuals if recovery provides immunity. However, individuals are likely to be at least weakly altruistic and may be interested in protecting others when infected. A strongly altruistic population where individuals value others as equal to themselves would be expected to self-isolate when infected. This would strongly suppress the disease, avoid Herd Immunity, and vastly improve outcomes. Still, little is known about how weaker altruism affects behavior during epidemics. Here we show using game theory that even extremely weakly altruistic individuals, valuing their own lives equivalent to roughly 100,000 others, can rationally achieve almost identical outcomes. Individuals self-isolate in order to avoid setting off chains of infections that they would perceive as costly to them even at such small altruism. Our results are robust to a moderate fraction of asymptomatic cases or completely selfish individuals. The resulting behavior, while emerging from a complex optimization problem, is simple enough that it could have evolved as a behavioral response in social animals, as well as being easy to communicate and understand for humans.
Data deficiency, taxonomic bias, and economic interests curtail insect and arachnid conservation in the United States
Earth is experiencing a biodiversity crisis. Among the declining taxa are insects and arachnids, which account for most of the worldâs animal species, and are ecologically and economically vital. Thus, understanding the factors influencing insect and arachnid conservation policies is urgently needed. Here, we review conservation assessments for 46,257 North American insect and arachnid species and examine the factors that affect state and federal legal protections for species in the United States. We find the conservation status of 88.5% of described insect and arachnid species in North America is unknown, and that unassessed insect and arachnid species are unlikely to receive protection. Of US insects and arachnids known to be at-risk throughout their range, 94.7% are not protected by any state or federal law; only 2.5% are protected nationwide under the federal Endangered Species Act compared to 27.7% of range wide at-risk US bird species. Insect and arachnid protections are taxonomically biased, favoring dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) and butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) while overlooking other vulnerable taxa. We find that socioeconomic factors are the strongest predictors of state-level conservation policies: states with economies more reliant on mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction are less likely to protect insects and arachnids. In states where protections exist, more insect and arachnid species are protected when more residents hold eco-centric values. This quantitative assessment of US insect and arachnid conservation rectifies a previous dearth of data and highlights specific, addressable issues which have left countless species vulnerable to decline and possible extinction.
Elites moved toward democrats more than nonelites moved away: Income, education, and occupational class in US presidential elections, 1980â2020
Recent discussion of voting in US elections claims a strong movement of White working-class voters away from voting for Democrats, with much discussion focusing only on elections between 2012 and the present. We examine longer-term trends from 1980 to 2020 in how more and less privileged White votersâmeasured by household income, education, and occupational classâmoved toward or away from voting Democratic. We also explore how these movements changed the shape of the relationships between these three socioeconomic indicators and voting Democratic. We find little evidence of a long-term movement away from Democrats among voters with lower income, less education, or working-class jobs, although there is some evidence of this after 2012. The clearest long-term trend is that voters in the highest decile of income, college graduates, and white-collar workers moved steadily toward voting Democratic across the 40 y. Thus, the change from negative to flat for incomeâs relationship to voting Democratic, and from negative to positive for educationâs relationship to voting Democratic comes less from a movement of less privileged voters away from Democratic voting and more from a long-term movement of those in the top decile of income, college graduates, and white-collar workers toward voting Democratic. Whether the post-2012 movement away from voting Democratic among voters without a high school degree and in working-class jobs becomes an enduring trend or is idiosyncratic to Trumpâs candidacy is an important question for future research.
Scientific Data
GPT-4o mini: Non-social science research article
Tomato Multi-Angle Multi-Pose Dataset for Fine-Grained Phenotyping
Yujie Zhang, Sabine Struckmeyer, Andreas Kolb, Sven Reichardt
EU Wide Disaggregated CAPRI Model Data: Crops, Livestock, Nitrogen In- and Outputs (Timeseries 2000-2018)
Renate Koeble, Adrian Leip, Markus Kempen, Jan-Erik Petersen, Oscar Gomez, Debbora Leip, Rui Catarino, Maria Bielza, Franz Weiss, Xavier Rotllan-Puig, Maria Luisa Paracchini, Linda See, Marijn van der Velde
Molecular LEGION: incalculably large coverage of chemical space around the NLRP3 target
Bogdan Zagribelnyy, Vladimir Aladinskiy, Nikita Bondarev, Ivan Ilin, Maxim Malkov, Anna Vasileva, Xiaoyu Ding, Arkadii Lin, Rim Shayakhmetov, Alex Aliper, Feng Ren, Alex Zhavoronkov
Demographic, behavioral, and ecological data from a long-term field study of wild baboons in Amboseli, Kenya
Chelsea A. Southworth, Jack C. Winans, Jacob B. Gordon, Niki H. Learn, William A. Wilber, Catherine Andreadis, Gretchen Andreasen, Mimi Arandjelovic, C. Ryan Campbell, Mary N. Chege, Maria J. A. Creighton, Carmen M. Cromer, Reena Debray, Carly C. Dickson, Pamela Ferretti, Elizabeth M. George, Laurence R. Gesquiere, Shuyu He, Leif Hey, Emily E. Jefferson, Ipek G. Kulahci, Brian A. Lerch, Lee Nonnamaker, Iker Rivas-GonzĂĄlez, Beniamino Tuliozi, Shasta E. Webb, Susan C. Alberts, Elizabeth A. Archie, Jenny Tung
Proteomic profiling of human omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue in individuals with a broad range of BMI
Alex Zelter, Yue Winnie Wen, Michael Riffle, Lindsay C. Czuba, Aprajita S. Yadav, Jerry Zhu, Jessica M. Snyder, Aaron Maurais, Jeffrey LaFrance, Saurabh Khandelwal, Judy Y. Chen, Estell Williams, Zoe Parr, Daniel Kim, Katya B. Rubinow, Michael J. MacCoss, Nina Isoherranen
Social contact data underpin research across public health, social and behavioral sciences, and network analysis, as interpersonal interactions shape population dynamics and societal outcomes. In South Korea, previous social contact surveys have been limited by small samples and restricted accessibility, often necessitating reliance on synthetic data from international studies. To address this gap, we conducted a large-scale national contact survey during winter 2023â24. A total of 2,415 individuals were recruited across age groups and regions, resulting in a final sample of 1,987 participants. The survey captured daily close contact behaviors during weekdays, weekends, school vacations, and holidays, along with demographic and contextual details. This study emphasizes transparency by documenting the entire processâfrom survey design to rigorous data cleaning and validation. The dataset provides comprehensive evidence on post-pandemic contact patterns in South Korea and supports applications in infectious disease modeling, public health policy analysis, and social network research. By sharing the methodology and dataset, we aim to establish a reproducible framework for future social contact surveys in South Korea and beyond.
Urban land use of national economic sectors in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 2015â2022
Shiting Li, Qianyuan Huang, Meirong Su, Chao Xu, Yanmin Teng, Yuan Zhang, Qionghong Chen, Yuanchao Hu
The study of intertemporal choices (ITC) plays a vital role in psychological and behavioral economics research. Models of intertemporal choice (ITC) have traditionally focused on choices. A growing interest in the underlying cognitive processes has initiated the development of process models. Process models require process data, and yet ITC research has largely overlooked even the simplest process data â response times (RTs). We present a large-scale dataset of choices and response times from 100 ITC studies with 11,852 subjects and 1,172,644 trials. In addition to behavioral data, we collected various methodological and sample information (e.g., task procedure, incentivization). The objective of the large-scale dataset is to facilitate the development of more nuanced and accurate theories of ITC. The associated ITC Database is open to ongoing submissions and is projected to expand continuously.
Open data, private learners: a de-identified student activity and performance dataset for learning analytics
Elena Tiukhova, Dimitri Van Landuyt, Bart Baesens, Monique Snoeck
Adjectives are essential in how people describe, evaluate, and reason about others. They differ along meaningful semantic dimensions such as desirability (e.g., âfriendlyâ is more positive than ârudeâ) and breadth (e.g., âpunctualâ is narrower than âreliableâ). Adjectival breadth has received limited empirical attention, partly because existing resources are sparse and outdated. We introduce a new database with subjective ratings from approximately 1,500 Americans for 1,214 adjectives on both breadth and desirability. Unlike existing resources, this updated database is more comprehensive and diverse, allowing for detailed analysis of adjectival use in academic and applied contexts. We validate this database with a large-scale analysis of online product reviews, showing how variation in adjective breadth is a common feature of natural language use. This database should prove valuable for research on semantic representation, social inference, and evaluative communication across various fields.
Savings behaviour and livelihoods before and after COVID-19 â a four round panel dataset from Pune, India
The data collected for this study focuses on two research question. First, it examines the effectiveness of a portable saving device in reducing temptation spending and increasing savings using a Randomised Control Trial (RCT) design. We then build on the data collected for RCT among slum dwellers in Pune, India and expand the scope of data collection to examine the long-term effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on livelihoods and consumption expenditure. Detailed information on income, savings, expenditure, knowledge about and behaviour during the pandemic was collected during various rounds. Additional information on female empowerment, decision making within the household and behavioural parameters was also collected. Four rounds of data were collected - two rounds before COVID-19 in 2018 and 2019 through field interviews, and two rounds in 2020 and 2022 through phone interviews. The baseline sample consisted of 1525 slum dwellers who earned above subsistence level income in Pune, and we have a balanced panel of 411 individuals.
A standardized personality lexicon for enhancing personalized human-machine interaction
Tao Jin, Hui Cai, Xinyi Shi, Xiaomin Kou, Xialian Hu, Hua Zhong, Yan Yang, Jingwen Jiang, Yuchen Li, Wei Zhang
Major changes in tax systems are likely to be met with strong opposition as they inevitably create distinct social groups, which can then be mobilized against each other or against those in power. Why, then, was Poland able to introduce a new income tax system in the 1990s without significant contestation? This article argues that four interrelated factors that facilitated this outcome: taxation through pacification, taxation without cognitive obligations, taxation without negative media representation, and taxation without political articulation. In the case of each factor, I show how actions and inactions of specific actors prevented the new tax system from becoming âpainfully visibleâ. The article concludes by proposing that, beyond the case, this theoretical framework can be extended to the lack of backlash against, what can be called, the personal data tax that is collected by digital platforms. The article draws on archival work, qualitative interviews, and analysis of the media.
âQuietâ and âloudâ elites: the visibility of economic power in the UK
Mike Savage, Victoria Gronwald, Jonathan Inkley, Mina Mahmoudzadeh, Marta Pagnini
To gain a better understanding of contemporary elite power, we examine the public, media, and online profiles of the 541 most economically powerful individuals in the UK. We demonstrate striking divergences in the extent of to which elites are consecrated and exposed to wider public interest. The most economically powerful Britons tend not to be consecrated by prestigious mechanisms (such as Whoâs Who or through state honours) and are not subject to media scrutiny. However, although elites on the whole retreat from the public gaze and do not encourage a media profile, a few are subject to considerable online exposure. We show that a small number of âloudâ economic elites court publicity by cultivating a maverick and outsider image which puts them in opposition to the many more âquietâ elites. We identify a âpower pincerâ in which a small number of prominent, sometimes publicity seeking, elites stand in opposition to corporate and intermediary elites who are thus left to operate âunder the radarâ in pursuing their strategic interests.
Strong Intellectual Property and Weak Antitrust: How the End of Vertical Restraints Fissured the US Political Economy
What explains rising inequality after 1980? Explanations describing immediate causes, like skill-biased technological change, financialization, or globalization, assign causality to homogenous market forces and largely focus on distributional struggles between capital and labor. They thus ignore how distributional struggles among firms drove changes to industrial organization that are upstream of those explanations. We show how public and private actors strove to change the interlocked legal regime governing domestic and global intellectual property (IP) rights and antitrust policy to prioritize the value of intangible assets like IP, shifting the distribution of profits among firms and contributing to the âfissuringâ of industrial organization. Focusing on the United States, evidence from government archives, private lobbying, and changes in IP and antitrust law show how business and government actors organized a coalition supporting this new IP regime. Ironically, this regime eventually sundered its own coalition, pitting different segments of capital against one another.
How do people form preferences over tax policy proposals? This article introduces the concept of tax exposure to explain the determinants of tax preferences. Moving beyond traditional models that link attitudes to taxation in a linear fashion to income or wealth, we argue that preferences are often discontinuous or non-linear around tax thresholds. Furthermore, tax preferences are shaped by both contextual factors, such as the prevailing tax environment and its implications for personal exposure to tax changes, and the partisan context, which informs expectations about the trajectory of future taxation. We test these arguments using three complementary datasets: a conjoint experiment in the United Kingdom (2021), a survey of US tax preferences in the context of the 2018 Trump tax bill, and a cross-national dataset covering 30 countries from 1985 to 2017. Our findings demonstrate the critical role of tax exposure in structuring individual and contextual variation in tax policy preferences.